We propose a robust formant extraction algorithm that combines the spectral peak picking, formants location examining for peak merger checking, and the root extraction methods.The spectral peak picking method is employed to locate the formant candidates, and the Headwear root extraction is used for solving the peak merger problem.The location and t
Dopaminergic modulation of effort-related choice behavior as assessed by a progressive ratio chow feeding choice task: pharmacological studies and the role of individual differences.
Mesolimbic dopamine (DA) is involved in behavioral activation and effort-related processes.Rats with impaired DA transmission reallocate their instrumental behavior away from food-reinforced tasks with high response requirements, and instead select less effortful food-seeking behaviors.In the present study, the effects of several drug treatments we
Recent Use of Novel Data Streams During Foodborne Illness Cluster Investigations by the United States Food and Drug Administration: Qualitative Review
AbstractFoodborne illness is a continuous public health risk.The recognition of signals indicating a cluster of foodborne illness is key to the detection, mitigation, and prevention of foodborne adverse event incidents Chaises and outbreaks.With increased internet availability and access, novel data streams (NDSs) for foodborne illness reports init
Age and origin of closed depressions in the Paris Basin: A majority of marl pits dug since the Neolithic period?
Marling (limestone alkaline amendment) agrarian practices have a plurimillennial influence on soil pH and on soil-associated ecosystems.Although the earliest written records in Europe date back to antiquity, the origin of this agrarian practice is not well known.In order to trace the evolution of this practice in the early agrarian societies of Wes